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Bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus)
The bank vole has a small, stocky
body and a blunt, rounded muzzle. The upperparts may be yellowish,
reddish or brown in colour, the flanks are greyish and the rump is
whitish-grey. The short tail is usually slightly bushy at the tip.
Bank voles are widespread across mainland Britain, but are
absent from some offshore islands. Life span They live for up
to 18
months. |

Red squirrel (Sciurus
vulgaris)
The red squirrel is native to Britain,
but its future is increasingly uncertain as the introduced American
grey squirrel expands its range across the mainland. There are
estimated to be only 140,000 red squirrels left in Britain, with
over 2.5 million greys. The main threats to the survival of the reds
are the increasing number of grey squirrels, disease (squirrel
poxvirus) and road traffic. Greys can feed more efficiently in
broadleaved woodlands and can survive at densities of up to 8 per
hectare. The density of reds is up to 1 per hectare in broadleaved
woodland but can be as low as 0.1 per hectare in coniferous
woodland.
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Grey Squirrel (Sciurus
carolinensis)
Native to
North America. Introduced to Great
Britain, Ireland and South
Africa.
The grey squirrel
was introduced to Great Britain in the mid-19th
century and after many releases it began to
increase dramatically at
the beginning of this
century, mainly spreading from Woburn Park,
Bedfordshire. It is now one of Britain's most
well-known and
frequently seen mammals,
being much more common than the native red
squirrel. |
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Eggs of a Butterfly
The Egg or Ovum. The shape of
butterfly eggs is remarkably variable. The examples below show some
recurring forms but there are many others, for example swallowtail
eggs are smooth and spherical. There is some consistency of shape
between closely related species. The egg consists of an outer
casing, or chorion, inside which is the females fertilised ovum.
There is always a minute opening, the micropyle, which is visible as
a small pit at the top of some eggs. This structure allows the male
sperm to fertilise the egg and probably allows the developing embryo
to breathe. |

American Mink (Mustela vison)
The mink is a medium-sized member of
the weasel family. The first American mink were
brought to British fur farms in 1929 and all wild mink in Britain
today are descendants of escapees. The natural wild colouring is a
glossy dark brown, appearing almost black in some light.
Commercial farming selectively bred much paler colours, hence most
of those in the wild in Britain are a lighter brown. Mink spend up
to 80% of their time in their dens, sleeping, grooming and eating
food they have carried home. Frequently found near water, they are
often mistaken for otters, although mink are in fact considerably
smaller.
Mink are responsible for the decimation of the water vole population
because they are small enough to follow their prey down its burrow. |

Eurasian Otter
(Lutra lutra)
Biological/outstanding features
SIZE: 1-1.3m
WEIGHT: 7-9 kg
DIET: Fish (80%), birds, small mammals, frogs
GESTATION: 9 weeks
OFFSPRING: 2-3 cubs
HOME RANGE: 20-30 km river 3-4 km coast
PHYSICAL FEATURES: Short limbs, webbed feet and claws - Sensitive
whiskers around snout to help detect prey - 2 layers of fur: a thick
waterproof outer one and a warm inner one.
SPECIAL ABILITIES: The Eurasian otter has an acute sense of sight,
smell and hearing. The eyes are placed high on the head so that it
can see when the rest of the body is below water.
Although the otter is an exceptionally good swimmer and fish catcher, it
can only hold its breath for 20 seconds as it dives for its prey.
Otters are the only amphibious members of the weasel family.
To survive in the wild, however, is not easy, particularly for a
Carnivore and the otter will be lucky to reach the age of 4.
However, there have been instances of otters living from 8-12 years,
although possibly only one or two in a hundred will survive until
this sort of age. |